La centrale de Gardanne (Bouches-du-Rh\u00f4ne), mise en service en 1953 et connue pour abriter la plus haute chemin\u00e9e de France (297 m\u00e8tres), utilisait \u00e0 l’origine du charbon pour produire de l’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9. Le d\u00e9but des travaux de conversion de la centrale \u00e0 la biomasse, m\u00e9lang\u00e9e \u00e0 une part de charbon (20% environ), date de 2014, mais \u00e0 la suite de recours administratifs d\u00e9pos\u00e9s par ses opposants, qui d\u00e9non\u00e7aient un approvisionnement en bois inatteignable sans porter gravement pr\u00e9judice aux \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes forestiers de la r\u00e9gion, ainsi que l’absence de cog\u00e9n\u00e9ration (la r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration de la chaleur), son autorisation d’exploiter avait \u00e9t\u00e9 suspendue en juin 2017, avant d’\u00eatre provisoirement restitu\u00e9e, suite \u00e0 l’appel d\u00e9pos\u00e9 par l’exploitant et le ministre de l’Environnement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L’autorisation avait \u00e9t\u00e9 confirm\u00e9e en 2020 par une d\u00e9cision de la cour administrative d’appel de Marseille pour la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 GazelEnergie, filiale du groupe tch\u00e8que EPH, laquelle a repris le site en 2019 apr\u00e8s l’annonce en 2018 de l’abandon des centrales \u00e0 charbon pour 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C’est cette d\u00e9cision qui \u00e9tait attaqu\u00e9e devant le Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat. Lors de l’audience, le rapporteur public a consid\u00e9r\u00e9 que la cour avait commis une erreur de droit en jugeant que l’\u00e9tude d’impact n’avait pas \u00e0 prendre en compte les effets indirects r\u00e9sultant de l’approvisionnement en bois de la centrale \u00e0 biomasse. Selon lui en effet, le principe d’ind\u00e9pendance des l\u00e9gislations ne peut pas faire obstacle \u00e0 l’application du droit de l’Union europ\u00e9enne. Or, des directives de 1985 et 2011 pr\u00e9voient express\u00e9ment que l\u2019\u00e9tude d\u2019impact devait comporter une analyse des effets notables que le projet Gardanne \u00e9tait susceptible d’avoir sur l’utilisation des ressources naturelles, en particulier le sol, les terres, l’eau et la biodiversit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Le rapporteur public a donc conclu \u00e0 l’annulation de l’arr\u00eat attaqu\u00e9, au renvoi de l’affaire \u00e0 la cour administrative de Marseille et \u00e0 ce qu’il soit mis \u00e0 la charge de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Gazel et de l\u2019\u00c9tat une somme de 1.500 euros chacun au titre de l’article L. 761-1 du Code de Justice administrative<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Le Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat a annul\u00e9 l\u2019autorisation d\u2019exploiter de la centrale \u00e0 biomasse de Gardanne, dans les Bouches-du-Rh\u00f4ne. Apr\u00e8s de multiples rebondissements et de longs mois d\u2019attente, le dossier avait \u00e9t\u00e9 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":231,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-appel","category-comprendre"],"mb":[],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/copyright@-Gae\u0301tan-HUTTER-avec-son-aimable-autorisation-min-1.jpg",1280,854,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/copyright@-Gae\u0301tan-HUTTER-avec-son-aimable-autorisation-min-1-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/copyright@-Gae\u0301tan-HUTTER-avec-son-aimable-autorisation-min-1-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/copyright@-Gae\u0301tan-HUTTER-avec-son-aimable-autorisation-min-1-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/copyright@-Gae\u0301tan-HUTTER-avec-son-aimable-autorisation-min-1-1024x683.jpg",1024,683,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/copyright@-Gae\u0301tan-HUTTER-avec-son-aimable-autorisation-min-1.jpg",1280,854,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/copyright@-Gae\u0301tan-HUTTER-avec-son-aimable-autorisation-min-1.jpg",1280,854,false],"mailpoet_newsletter_max":["https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/copyright@-Gae\u0301tan-HUTTER-avec-son-aimable-autorisation-min-1.jpg",1280,854,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"SOS Foret France","author_link":"https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/author\/sos-foret-france\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Le Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat a annul\u00e9 l\u2019autorisation d\u2019exploiter de la centrale \u00e0 biomasse de Gardanne, dans les Bouches-du-Rh\u00f4ne. Apr\u00e8s de multiples rebondissements et de longs mois d\u2019attente, le dossier avait \u00e9t\u00e9 […]","mfb_rest_fields":["title","uagb_featured_image_src","uagb_author_info","uagb_comment_info","uagb_excerpt"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2771","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2771"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2771\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12528,"href":"https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2771\/revisions\/12528"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/231"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2771"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2771"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sosforetfrance.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2771"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}